Namtok Khlong Kaeo National Park
Geographical Features
Most of the area consists of not much complicated mountain range such as Khaokaw Mountain Range, Tabard Mountain, Tachoat Mountain and Kampang Mountain. At the ridge of the mountains, 100-836 meters above sea level, is the border of Thai and Cambodia. The highest peak is Khaotabath Mountain Peak 836 meters above sea levels. The area is the source of canals such as Klong louk, Klong kaew, Klong hinpleang, Klong lue, Klong kajai, Klong malagor etc. Water in all of these canals flows to Klong sator and to the sea.
Weather Condition
The weather in this area is tropical monsoon and influenced by southwestern monsoon in the rains and northeastern monsoon in winter. The area has productive forest that causes heavy continuous rain all the year round. The seasons are as follows.
Summer - starts from February to April
Rains - starts from May to October
Winter - starts from November to January
Varieties of Plants and Wild Animals
The area consists of rain forest which is the source of rivers and has many kinds of plants such as small shrubbery and 25-60-meter tree. The valuable trees in this area are Dipterocarpaceae, Marlabar ironwood, Sterculiaceae, Meliaceae, Lagerstromeae etc. And shrubberies found normally are ginger, galangal, rattan, palmae, bamboo, fishtail palm, and areca palm etc.
The surveyed area is naturally productive forest so that makes this area has a number of animals, for example, a great number of leeches in many wet places show that the area still has a great number of wildlife too.
Tourist Attractions
Khlong Kaeo Waterfall
Khlong Kaeo Waterfall is a medium-size and seven-level waterfall, located in Village No 2, Boploi sub-district, Borai district, Trat Province. It is a naturally beautiful waterfall which has very clear water stream with schools of fish diving below. These are suitable for people who love nature. At the fourth level of the waterfall has a great floor of rock, called “Larn Hin Te”, which is a very nice place to enjoy the scenery of Borai district.
Lanhindat Waterfall
Locating in Village No 1, Nongbon sub-district, Borai district, Trat province, Lanhindat Waterfall is a small waterfall which has water flow all the year round. This area is appropriate for hiker, and has toilets ready in service
Khlong Thai Waterfall
Locate in Village No 3, Nonthi sub-district, Borai District, Trat provinc
Facilities
Tourist's restroom: There are toilets for tourists
Camping site: This national park is still in establishing process, so there are no bungalows, tents, and a restaurant available. Please bring your own tents and food.
Parking: National Park provides parking lot for visitors.
Location
Namtok Khlong Kaeo National Park
Bo Phloi Sub-district, Amphur Bo Rai Trat Thailand 23140
How to get there
By Car
There are way to get to Klong kaew National Park.
There are Khaokaw Forest and Tabard Mountain at the left side of national road number 3157 (Santoon-Borrai). At three kilometers before entering Borrai District, turn left to enter the Border Patrol Police Company 116 for five kilometers and turn left again four kilometers to Klong kaew Waterfall and Klong kaew National Park Temporary Office.
วันอังคารที่ 19 มกราคม พ.ศ. 2553
วันจันทร์ที่ 18 มกราคม พ.ศ. 2553
ko mak or koh mak
History
The island of Koh Mak is located in the East of the Gulf of Thailand, 35 kilometers from the mainland, at latitude 11 ° 49' North, longitude 102 ° 29' East. Koh Mak is the third biggest island in Trat province after Koh Chang and Koh Kood, with an area of 16 square kilometers; it is mostly flat. The island has a circumference of 27 kilometers, and white sandy beaches stretch from the north-west of the island round to the south.
Administratively, Koh Mak is a tambon (sub-district) attached to Khing Amphur (district) Koh Kood, Trat province. The traditional occupations of the island are agricultural: most of the land is cultivated as plantations of coconut or para rubber.
It is said that the island was first settled by Chao Sua Seng, who established a coconut plantation, and who occupied the post of Palad Jeen, or Chinese Affairs Officer, during the reign of King Rama V (King Chula-longkorn). Later, Chao Sua Seng sold his coconut plantation to 'Luang Prompakdii', Plian Taveteekul, who also held the post of Chinese Affairs Officer and who came originally from Ban Koh Po in Prachankiriket province. This is now the province of Koh Kong in Kampuchea, but at the time it was a province of Thailand.
Now I would like to relate the history of Luang Prompakdii and his family, the descendents of the Taveteekul clan. To this day, his children still own most of the land on Koh Mak.
As far as we know, Luang Prompakdii was himself of Chinese descent, and emigrated from China to Thailand at the time of the Great Revolution in China to settle at Ban Koh Po. He received a royal appointment to the post of Chinese Affairs Officer for the province of Prachankiriket, for which reason the villagers called him Than Palad Jeen. He was married to Khun Mae Mulee and had eleven children, as follows:
1. Nai Mueng Taveteekul
2. Nai Prom Taveteekul
3. Nang Tae Wongsiri, who married Khun Wongsirirak
4. Nai Kanna Taveteekul
5. Nai Au Taveteekul
6. Nai Dam Taveteekul, who drowned at an early age
7. Nang Kimhun Wattana, who married Nai Panompuong Wat-tana
8. Nai Aeb Taveteekul (Luang Uthai-satchavethee)
9. Nang Payorm Aungsuworn, who mar--ried Khun Boribansarathikit
10. Nai Aab Taveteekul
11. Nang Sumlee Bunsiri
Luang Prompakdii sent his fifth son, Nai Au Taveteekul, to study in China, and later sent his fourth son, Nai Kanna Taveteekul, to accompany his brother to work on the coconut plantation on Koh Mak.
Life in old Ban Koh Po
Ban Koh Po (that is, Koh Po village) was a tambon or sub-district of Pra-chankiriket province, or Koh Kong, and in the old days Koh Kong town was a place from which agri-cultural products were sent to be sold in Bangkok, especially rubber and rong thong (gamboge, a kind of gum resin collected from a tree and used as a colourant in paints and dyes).
We know, for instance, that there was a tax collector called 'Nai Kong' who was charged with collected taxes from the gamboge-tappers and sending the taxes to the Royal Finance Bureau (from which we may conclude that the cultivation of gamboge was the most popular way of making a living in those days). Historical evidence shows that he was responsible for the gamboge-tax from 2411 to 2435 B.E., that is, 1868-1892, in the reign of Rama IV.
The name which Nai Kong was given by the King was Luang Yothapirom; he was a royal officer with a direct connection to the Palace, which at the time controlled the administration of tax collection. His family also lived in the village of Koh Po.
Ban Koh Po is located on the banks of the Koh Po River, and the villagers lived along the banks of the river. This village has a long history, and a densely settled population, and in those days was an administrative and trading centre. The offices of the Royal administration were there, and the offices of the appointed Governor of Prachan-kiriket: Pra-pichai-chonlathee, who was also called "Saang".
Every aspect of progressive development was at that time concentrated within Ban Koh Po. Royal officers and prosperous families lived there, and traders, some of whom traded on a large scale. Big sailing boats came to and fro, carrying on a constant trade with Bangkok.
The family of Luang Prompakdii and Khun Mae Mulee was one of the best known, most respected and prosperous in Prachan-kiriket. Luang Prom-pakdee's trading interests were highly diversified. His trading post and house were situated right in the centre of the village, on the river bank, by a pier that stood out into the river. North of this pier were terraced houses for workers and servants; and south of the pier stood Luang Prompakdee's own house, built in the old Thai style with a high, steep roof and a verandah looking out over the river.
Further along from Luang Prompakdee's house were the houses and offices of other traders, and the houses of royal officials and villagers, all settled very closely together along the river bank. Then came the house of the Governor, Prapichaichonlathee; then more houses, and so right out to the edge of the village.
Running parallel to the river was an old path, which divided the village into two. The houses were built in a row along both sides of the path, sometimes close together or and sometimes further apart depending upon how much land each owner had.
In those days, Koh Po also had many brewers of alcoholic drinks, who exported to distant places. This in turn meant that there were traders in alcoholic drinks- and also the 'drinks stamp' officers, the men who administered the royal taxes on this commodity.
Later, King Rama V reformed the administrative system away from direct royal rule to a system of Ministries, each Ministry being responsible for a particular aspect of administration. Rama V's system was very similar to the administrative system still used in Thailand at the present day.
The administrative reforms of Rama V brought big changes to Prachankiriket. Old pro-cedures were abolished and government offices were relocated from Koh Po to Tambon Laem Dan at the mouth of the Tapangrung River, inside the Straits of Kong.
The new provincial governors were appointed directly by the Ministry of the Interior. Prayapichaichonlathee who was sent as Governor to Prachankiriket. His previous name had been Jorn Chatraputi, and he became known locally as Chao Muang Jorn.
Meanwhile, Luang Prompakdii and Khun Mae Mulee had expanded their business interests, setting up a timber factory and buying up mangrove wood. They bought the woods on the southern banks of the Bang Krasop River, a place which is still known as Rong Pheen ('Wood Factory') to this day.
The province of Prachankiriket had very large mangrove forests covering the flooded, muddy estuarine areas. Every area of mangrove forest was a flooded zone, all the way from Klong Lad at Koh Nuu, where the stream from Koh Nuu cut through to join the Koh Po River on the west bank. This forested area was interlaced with many creeks, and the mangroves flourished there plentifully.
At that time, charcoal-burning was not being done in that area. Luang Prompakdii and Mae Mulee were the first traders who bought mangrove wood and shipped it to Bangkok on a regular basis by large sailing boat. On its return journey, the boat brought back goods from Bangkok for sale in Pra-chankiriket.
Khun Mae Mulee was highly respected by the people and known for her devotion to Buddhism. She owned rice fields which she rented out, collecting the rent in rice; part of this rice was set aside so that it could be given as alms to the monks on a regular basis.
With her close connections to traders and royal officials, Khun Mae Mulee was well informed, and this is how she learned that Chao Sua Seng, another of the Chinese Affairs Officers, wanted to sell his coconut plantation on Koh Mak. Khun Mae Mulee agreed to buy the plantation for the sum of 300 Chang, which was the name of the currency in those days (One Chang = 80 Baht). And that is how the coconut plantations on Koh Mak came into her family, in whose possession they have remained to this day.
As time went by, the situation in Prachan-kiriket felt more uncertain in many ways. The situation of the whole of Thailand was also uncertain. This was the heyday of European co-lo-nialism, when the nations of Europe were competing to exploit nations throughout Asia and the other continents. Lands belonging to many less developed countries were seized by Europeans and turned into colonies. Many parts of our own Siam (Thailand) were seized and ruled by the British and the French on many occasions.
Prachankiriket province was Thai territory in the past, its population of the same descent as other Thais. But in 2447 B.E. (1904) the French, expanding their colonies in Indochina, annexed Prachankiriket-or Koh Kong-and integrated it into Cambodia, which they had already seized. This occurred during the rule of Rama V (Chulalongkorn).
At the time, the loss of Koh Kong to the French wasn't carefully recorded in Thai chronicles, so later generations do not know how this happened. But it is accepted as a fact that Thailand lost this part of her territory to the French.
The territory of Prachankiriket or Koh Kong borders on Trat province, which is still Thai territory. This border is a long one, run-ning as far as Ao Kompong Som in Cambodia. The inner part of the island of Koh Kong was a huge area of forest.
King Rama V made journeys to patrol his eastern territories in this area, travelling down from Chanthaburi province along the sea border on the East of the Gulf of Thailand.
As is recorded in history, Bangkok was built in 2325 B.E. (1782) at the start of the Chakri Dynasty. Until the reign of King Rama IV, or around 2400 B.E. (1857), the security of the kingdom was endangered by the colonial ambitions of the French. The French invaded Vietnam in 2401 B.E. (1858) and seized many important cities such as Saigon and Binh Hoa; later they took complete control of the whole of Vietnam.
The French did not use force against Cambodia as they had against Vietnam. Here they resorted to a softer, diplomatic approach by sending a representative to negotiate with King Norodom Sihanouk of Cambodia, proposing that Cambodia should become a French 'protectorate'. Eventually the Cambodian monarch acceded completely to French wishes.
It was easy for the French to use their great military force to impose their will on Thailand's neighbours, who were in a weak position and unable to fight back.
In their ambition to expand their power, the French had their eyes on a large area of Thailand bordering on Cambodia: Pratabong (now the Cambodian province of Battambang), Siamrat (now integrated into Cambodia as Siem Reap) Srisophon and Prachankiriket. All of these had been Thai territories since the old days.
It is recorded as an important event in Thai history that we were forced to lose our land to these French 'colonial hunters'. The French tried to force the Siamese ruler at the time to accept that the land to the east of the Khong River (Maekhong) should be under their rule. This included the North and South of Laos, the country of the Laotian people, whose relationship to the Thais went back many generations.
Then the French used military force to invade Thai territory, but met fierce resistance from Thai forces.
Realising that Thailand would not be overcome or bullied easily, the French launched a naval expedition on 13 July 2436 B.E. (1893), sending a fleet with two gunships and a pilot vessel up the Gulf of Siam into the mouth of the Chao Praya River. Fierce gun battles took place between the French and Thai navies, in which the Thai force was at a disadvantage, having less modern ships than the French enemy. Thailand's fighting ships sustained heavy damage, but one of the French gunships was also holed.
Because of the disadvantageous position of the Thai force, in respect both of weaponry and ships, the Thais agreed to negotiations for a ceasefire.
The French colonial powers dictated very oppressive conditions for a peace treaty, and as losers of the war the Thais were bound to agree to these terms unconditionally. What the French demanded was:
1. The Thais must accept that Vietnam and Cambodia, all the territories on the eastern bank of the Maekhong River, and all the islands in the Maekhong were under French rule.
2. The Thai military forces must be withdrawn from all territories east of the Maekhong River within one month.
3. Thailand was pay reparations for the fighting in the Northeast and also at the mouth of the Chao Praya River.
4. Thai military personnel were to be punished, and compensation was to be paid to the wives and children of French soldiers killed or wounded in the fighting.
5. In all, the compensation demanded came to a total of three million French francs.
6. As a guarantee, the Thai King would also be required to deposit three million French francs in foreign currency in advance, or else let the French have the right to collect taxes and tax stamps. (These taxes were mainly levied on an annual basis on production of fruits and other agricultural products from Pratabong and Siamrat.
Dejected, the Thais accepted five out of the six conditions in the treaty and immediately delivered the deposit of three million French francs. However, the Thais would not agree to give up their territories east of the Maekhong to the French, as this was the land of people who were blood relatives of the Thais going back many generations. That land did not belong to any other nation, as the French were arguing in support of their own interests.
The French could see that the Thai ruler was still slow to give his official words of approval to the treaty in the wording that had been presented to the Thai negotiators. Monsieur Pavi therefore sailed the French fleet out of the mouth of the Chao Praya River and established a new base at Koh Sichang. They then boldly announced a blockade of the Gulf of Thailand, with the intention of cutting Thailand off from the outside world and from necessary trade goods. By these means they put pressure on Thailand for a while; the blockade was lifted on 3 August 2436 B.E. (1893).
Later the French sent their fleets to seize Chanthaburi province, and they also dictated two further treaty conditions to the Thai ruler:
1. Thailand would have to withdraw its military forces from the provinces of Pratabong and Siamrat;
2. A demilitarised zone was to be established, reaching 29 km. back from a border defined as running along the Maekhong River; Thailand would not be allowed to have soldiers within this zone.
Historical records show that the diplomatic negotiations between King Rama V and the French lasted eleven years altogether, from 2436 B.E. to 2447 B.E. (1893-1904); the French finally withdrew their troops from Chanthaburi on 28th December 2447 B.E. During the negotiations, King Rama V sought concessions from the French on the matter of rights to collect taxes, and their territorial demands. Finally it was agreed that the French would withdraw from Chanthaburi in exchange for the control of certain areas which were part of Trat province, such as the lands south of Laem Singh and some of the marine islands-and also the province of Prachankiriket or Koh Kong which lay to the south of Trat.
Prachankiriket under French rule
After Prachankiriket fell to the French, the lives of its people changed in every respect. The French sent Khmer military and civilian personnel to administer the province; to the locals, these were foreigners, who spoke a foreign language. The Khmer officials dealt with the local people in an suspicious and overbearing way, demanding forced labour, and treating people badly, even beating them; in fact this was a habit Khmer officials had towards their own people, too. Crimes were committed which caused people to live in fear and insecurity, worrying for their own safety and that of their property.
As for Luang Prompakdii and his family, although they already had bought the coconut plantation on Koh Mak, a secure property firmly within Thai territory, far from the oppressive rule of foreigners, yet he still felt tied to his home in Ban Koh Po, and to his relatives and friends there who had passed together through the difficulties and happinesses of life. His livelihood was still prosperous and comfortable, and he dwelt at Koh Po-a beautiful environment of hills and forests, river and rocks, indeed a setting which could hardly find its match anywhere else. People who lived in this region felt attached to its landscape, and though they might have to move away for a long time they would still not forget their old home town.
And so Luang Prompakdii long continued to live at his house in Koh Po. The responsibility for looking after the coconut plantation in Koh Mak he gave to his sons.
However, one night an incident occurred which changed his mind about staying on.
Why Luang Prompakdii moved to Koh Mak
The rich people of that region were concentrated together in Koh Po village, because it was still the centre of trading, just as it had been when it had belonged to Thailand. One very rich trader in Koh Po was Luang Panom Tao, or Chao Sua Tao. He was known far and wide on account of his wealth, which came from trading in forest produce, gamboge resin, fragrant woods, herbs and herbal medicines. His house in the centre of Koh Po was built in the Thai style with teak wood brought from Bangkok, with steep roofs, an elevated floor and teak walls.
Luang Prompakdii was a close friend of Luang Panom Tao, and later on a son of Khun Luang Panom Tao, called Khun Wongsirirak (previously known as Nai Tek) took as his wife one of Luang Prompakdii's daughters, Nang Sao Tae. Wongsirirak and Tae had many sons and daughters together.
Then one night in the year 2453 B.E. (1910), in the sixth year of French rule at Koh Kong, Luang Panom Tao's house was robbed in the middle of the night while everyone was fast asleep. Many of his valuable belongings were taken.
In those days the Thai currency was coins made of silver. Luang Panom Tao kept much of his savings in the form of these Siamese silver coins, as well as Indochinese silver coins and old-style paduang ingots. As it happened, the robbers were unable to carry off all of his money and they dropped quite a lot of it while making their escape. Many villagers found the coins and kept them to themselves, which raised their living standards somewhat.
Luang Prompakdii became considerably more nervous after that big robbery. Later that year he eventually moved his entire family to live on the coconut plantation in Koh Mak.
There was an abundance of land on Koh Mak. Some parts of the island were old orchards, but much of the land was uncultivated, and these virgin lands were cleared and cultivated by Luang Prompakdii's children.
Luang Prompakdii and Khun Mulee both were strongly devoted to Buddhism and were constantly making merit. They built a temple in Koh Mak, but it was deserted again after two years. Then Luang Prompakdii built a large sala (hall) for the temple of Wat Pai Lom in Trat province, at the time when Than Chao Khun Buraketkhanajarn was the abbott.
They were serious practictioners of Buddhism, generous and very kind. They kept working on their plantations in Koh Mak with their children until the end of their lives, and passed away at an advanced age on the island of Ban Suan Yai. Their deaths brought great sorrow to their children, who diligently organised their funeral and a Buddhist sermon at Wat Pai Lom in Trat.
In conclusion, we can see how Koh Mak became covered with coconut and para rubber plantations, owned throughout the island by descendants of the same family. The childen of Luang Prompakdii, on receiving their inheritance from his coconut plantations, divided up the unoccupied lands for their children and grandchildren. Eventually all these lands became cultivated with either coconut or para rubber, leaving no land for outsiders save any land which members of the family were willing to sell.
At present, Koh Mak is still very rich with coconut and para rubber plantations. The islanders still work mainly in agriculture, although there are some who fish or catch squid.
The start of tourism on Koh Mak
The first bungalows for tourists were built around 2517 B.E. (1974) at Ban Ao Nid on the east of the island.However, tourism was not yet flourishing in this area, and transport and telecommunications were difficult, which put a halt to developments for some time.
Later in 2530 B.E. (1987), part of the beach areas of the island were developed into tourist attractions. Bungalows and resorts were built to serve Thai and foreign tourists properly. Now Koh Mak has several interesting tourist places such as:
Koh Mak Resort: Located at Ao Suan Yai, this resort has a long white sand beach along the whole bay, and faces the small island of Koh Kham. Ao Suan Yai is on the west side of Koh Mak. You have a distant view of Koh Chang, Koh Wai and Koh Kum from this spot.
Fantasia Resort: Located at Ao Suan Yai next to KohMak Resort.
CocoCape Resort : Next from Fantasia in the far end of Ao SuanYai, still under construction
Sam Marine Resort: located on Koh Rayang Nork, on the south-east of Koh Mak opposite Ao Na Nork. There is a white sand beach and bungalows at the foot of a hill.
T.K. Hut: located on Koh Mak at 'Suan Ban Yai' in the Ao Na Nork area. T.K. Hut is on the south-west of the island. It has a long white sand beach connected to Ao Ka-toeng and Ao Khao.
Holiday Beach Resort: Next to T.K. Hut
Baan KohMak : Located between T.K. Hut and Ao Kao Resort, still under construction.
Ao Kao Resort: This is on the south of the island in the area of Ao Kao. You can see Koh Kood and Koh Rang from here.
Lazy Days Resort: this is on Ao Kao, connected to Ao Daeng on the south of the island.
Sunset Resort: Located in Laem Chan, next from Lazy Days Resort.
Sunshine Resort: Located on the hill, eastern side of the island.
KohMak Guesthouse: Located at Baan Ao Nid.
Koh Kradad Resort: this is on Koh Kradad and on the south of Koh Mak.
Koh Kham Resort: this is opposite Ao Suan Yai on Koh Mak, in similar landscape to Koh Rayang Nork. The clean, piled-up white sand beach with black stones is unlike other islands around here.
Here the author would like to sum up the main facts. Luang Prompakdii and Khun Luang Panom Tao lived originally in Koh Kong province, or Prachankiriket, together with other Thai people, before the province fell into Khmer hands. Prachankiriket was Thai territory from a long way back. Luang Prompakdii had his home in Tambon Koh Po; he was an influential person who commanded much respect. He was appointed to the post of Palad Jeen (Chinese Affairs Officer), and so took charge of collected taxes from the Chinese. Luang Panom Tao, Khun Wongsirirak and Luang Uthai Satchavethee also received royal-given surnames from Rama V.
Prachankiriket province, Koh Kong, was seized by the French in 2436 B.E. (1893) and added by them to Khmer territory. Many years after that, Luang Prompakdii's family moved to live on the island of Koh Mak, as I have already related.
I have set down this compilation of the history of Koh Mak as a memoire for the younger generations of the island-to give high respect to our Kings, Rama IV and Rama V, who wisely used diplomatic skill to secure Chanthaburi and Trat from the grasp of the French colonial hunters and ensured that Thailand has remained an independent nation to the present day; and also to give respect to the ancestors of Koh Maak, to Luang Prompakdii (Plian Taveteekul), Luang Panom Tao, and Khun Wongsirirak (from whom Wongsiri's family is descended).
I believe it is most likely that the pattern of land ownership on the island will change in the future, passing into the hands of outsiders to some extent. I made a promise to Khun Mae Sa-nguan Suttitanakul, my mother, that I would try to search for information to write about the history of the island-with love, and with the feelings which come from ties of blood.
Finally, I must not end without extending thanks to Khun Jakrapad Taveteekul, who contributed by keyboarding the Thai original of this draft, and then to Khun Somchai Suttitanakul, my beloved brother, who helped me with my researches. From these efforts, this booklet came to life.
วันอาทิตย์ที่ 17 มกราคม พ.ศ. 2553
Amphoe Laem Ngop
History
The district was established in 1897 named Ko Chang district. The district office was located in Ban Dan Kao on Ko Chang. The district controlled all islands in Trat province. As the district office was located on an island, it was not convenient for most of people on mainland, thus the government moved the office to Ban Laem Ngop but still keep the district name. Later in 1939 the district name was changed according to the location of district office.
Geography
Neighboring districts are (from the north clockwise) Khlung of Chanthaburi province, Khao Saming, Mueang Trat of Trat province and the Gulf of Thailand.
Administration
The district is subdivided into 4 subdistricts (tambon), which are further subdivided into 25 villages (muban). There are two township (thesaban tambon) - Laem Ngop covers parts of thetambon Laem Ngop, and Nam Chiao the complete tambon Nam Chiao. There are further 3 Tambon administrative organizations (TAO).
| 1. | Laem Ngop | แหลมงอบ | |
| 2. | Nam Chiao | น้ำเชี่ยว | |
| 3. | Bang Pit | บางปิด | |
| 7. | Khlong Yai | คลองใหญ่ |
Amphoe Bo Rai
Bo Rai (Thai: บ่อไร่) is a township and district (Amphoe) located in Trat Province, EasternThailand, in close vicinity to the Cambodian Khao Banthat Mountain Range. Neighboring districts are Mueang Trat and Khao Saming to the south, Khlung of Chanthaburi Province to the west,Pong Nam Ron of Chanthaburi to the north, and Battambang of Cambodia to the north and east.
administratio
Amphoe Bo Rai is divided into five subdistricts (tambon),which are further subdivided into 34 villages (muban). The central town is Bo Phloi, which has township status (thesaban tambon) and covers parts of the same-named tambon. As of 2005, the population in the township is 10,009. Each of the tambon is administrated by a Tambon administrative organization (TAO).
|
history
The area is renowned for its gemstone mining (rubies and sapphires) and gem trade which made Bo Rai prosper and grow. From the 1960s until the beginning of the 1990s the town experienced an economic boom, which was ended almost overnight with the exhaustion of the mining fields through plundering. The economic depression that followed was further increased by the downfall of the Khmer Rouge and the subsequent end of the border trafficking of goods and gems.
Once the centre of Thailand's gem trade, Bo Rai is now but a shadow of its former glory, yet some hope is seen in the migrating refugees coming from the troubled South. There have been attempts at economic conversion, such as the cultivation of rubber trees. There are rumours of a new Thai-Cambodian border crossing being opened in the near future, a thing welcomed and hoped for by the local population.
Quite recently , the town has had newcomers settling down and opening new businesses and the once rundown merchant houses are open again. The new mayor has had a reviving effect on the town, a new project called Bor Ploy Health Club has been opened close to Dan Chumphol - Saen Tung road intersection.
sights
There is a big Buddhist temple in the city called Wat Bo Phloy and a brand new Fresh-food Market Talat Sot opened just 2006 . On Wednesdays there is a Talat Nat (weekly market), with vendors coming from as far as the neighbouring Cambodia. There is a public park Suan Sukhaphap, a hospital, many schools, a public library as well as an astonishing number of beauty parlours scattered all over town. At the time of writing there are two motels in town.
About nine kilometres from the town, there is a tiny but well kept National Park called Namtok Khlong Kaeo (Thai น้ำตกคลองแก้ว). Admission is free of charge even for foreigners. A paved path leads up to the source of the waterfall, about 800 metres above sea level. The visitor is rewarded with a stunning view over the landscape with groves and rubber plantations as far as the eye can see.
location and directions
Bo Rai seems to be faraway from everywhere: 50 kilometres from Trat (route 3157 via Dan Chumphon), 90 kilometres from Chanthaburi (via Saen Tung), and 450 kilometres fromBangkok. The shortest route to Bo Rai is from Highway 3 through Khao Saming (route 3159). There is a public transport service by songthaew from Trat and Chanthaburi. Apart from day time baht buses, no regular bus route is currently available.
Amphoe Khao Saming
History
The district was established in 1898, but its name and the location of the district office had changed several times in its history. At first named Si Bua Thong, then Thung Yai, it was finally renamed to Khao Saming when the district office was moved to Ban Tha Kathon in TambonKhao Saming. The present district office building was opened on February 14, 2000.
administration
The district is subdivided into 8 subdistricts (tambon), which are further subdivided into 66 villages (muban). Two township (thesaban tambon) are located in the district - Saen Tung covers parts of the tambon Saen Tung, and Khao Saming covers parts of the tambon Khao Saming and Thung Nonsi. There are further 8 Tambon administrative organizations (TAO).
| 1. | Khao Saming | เขาสมิง | |
| 2. | Saen Tung | แสนตุ้ง | |
| 3. | Wang Takhian | วังตะเคียน | |
| 4. | Tha Som | ท่าโสม | |
| 5. | Sato | สะตอ | |
| 6. | Pranit | ประณีต | |
| 7. | Thep Nimit | เทพนิมิต | |
| 8. | Thung Nonsi | ทุ่งนนทรี |
Amphoe Mueang Trat
Mueang Trat (Thai: เมืองตราด) is the capital district (Amphoe Mueang) of Trat Province, eastern Thailand.
history
The area was settled in 1901 as a Khwaeng of Mueang Trat. The government upgraded theKhwaeng to be Mueang Trat district in 1908. In 1921 the district was renamed to Bang Phra after the name of the central tambon. The district name was changed to Mueang Trat in 1938 due to the new naming policy of the capital district.
administration
The district is subdivided into 14 subdistricts (tambon), which are further subdivided into 97 villages (muban). Trat itself has town (thesaban mueang) status and covers the tambon Bang Phra and part of Wang Krachae. The township (thesaban tambon) Tha Phrik Noen Sai covers the complete tambon Tha Phrik and parts of Noen Sai. There are further 12 Tambon administrative organizations (TAO).
| 1. | Bang Phra | บางพระ | |
| 2. | Nong Samet | หนองเสม็ด | |
| 3. | Nong Sano | หนองโสน | |
| 4. | Nong Khan Song | หนองคันทรง | |
| 5. | Huang Nam Khao | ห้วงน้ำขาว | |
| 6. | Ao Yai | อ่าวใหญ่ | |
| 7. | Wang Krachae | วังกระแจะ | |
| 8. | Huai Raeng | ห้วยแร้ง | |
| 9. | Noen Sai | เนินทราย | |
| 10. | Tha Phrik | ท่าพริก | |
| 11. | Tha Kum | ท่ากุ่ม | |
| 12. | Takang | ตะกาง | |
| 13. | Chamrak | ชำราก | |
| 14. | Laem Klat | แหลมกลัด |
สมัครสมาชิก:
บทความ (Atom)
